We investigate the extent to which evaluations based on the widely used Kirkpatrick model - focusing on direct outcomes of training, namely reaction of trainees, learning, behaviour change and improvements in programmatic health indicators - align with policy-makers' evidence needs for resource allocation decisions. The aim of our study is to understand what features of HCP training evaluation studies are important for decision-making by policy-makers in LMICs. In light of the gap in evidence to inform future resource allocation decisions about healthcare provider (HCP) training in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and the considerable donor investments being made towards training interventions, evaluation studies that are optimally designed to inform local policy-makers are needed. Wu, Shishi Legido-Quigley, Helena Spencer, Julia Coker, Richard James Khan, Mishal Sameer
Copyright 2010, SLACK Incorporated.ĭesigning evaluation studies to optimally inform policy: what factors do policy-makers in China consider when making resource allocation decisions on healthcare worker training programmes? Gerontological nurses can be powerful advocates for older adults using the systematic review of the literature as an instrument to educate policy makers. To be successful in translating evidence from systematic reviews, gerontological nurses need to (a) understand the steps of the policy making process and where different kinds of reviews may be used, (b) assess the "technical" literacy and level of interest in gerontological issues of the intended policy maker, and (c) develop and practice skills in policy writing that distill information in policy briefs as well as shorter formats. Systematic reviews offer evidence to determine the best policy and program solutions to a problem. Gerontological nurses who have received education and have experience in conducting systematic reviews may assume a key role in interpreting systematic reviews for policy makers. Translating evidence from systematic reviews for policy makers. Interventions are needed to help both groups understand a broader role that research plays in policy making and to increase personal contact, and ultimately trusted relationships, across various actors in the policy process. For some study participants, a mutual mistrust of the other group challenges stronger relationship formation. Some policy makers questioned the credibility of research, and researchers questioned policy makers’ authentic desire to use evidence in decision making. Researchers and policy makers faced the same major barrier to research translation: lack of dedicated time to do so. We conducted interviews with 215 US health services and health policy researchers and 40 state-level staffers and legislators. Our objective was to understand the perspectives of United States’ state-level policy makers and health researchers on the barriers and facilitators to the translation of health evidence into the policy process, with a particular focus on issues related to relationship building. The production of health policy-relevant research is necessary, but not sufficient, to promote its utilization in policy. Mutual Distrust: Perspectives From Researchers and Policy Makers on the Research to Policy Gap in 2013 and Recommendations for the Future In each of these case studies, relationships between scientists and policy makers were critical for ensuring the focus of the science as well as the success of the decision-making. We examine three case studies: the global Carbon Monitoring System pilot project developed by NASA, a forest biomass mapping effort for Silvacarbon project, and a forest canopy cover project being conducted for forest management in Maryland. In this chapter we examine case studies of science- policy partnerships, and the strategies each partnership uses to engage the scientist at a variety of scales. This is because the science questions they are addressing may be compelling, but not relevant to the challenges that are at the forefront of policy concerns. Scientists can work to provide data at these different scales, but if they are not aware of the needs of decision makers or understand what challenges the policy maker is facing, they are likely to be less successful in influencing policy makers as they wished. Climate change policy and decision making happens at a variety of scales - from local government implementing solar homes policies to international negotiations through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. This chapter will describe the challenges that earth scientists face in developing science data products relevant to decision maker and policy needs, and will describe strategies that can improve the two-way communication between the scientist and the policy maker. Communicating the Needs of Climate Change Policy Makers to Scientistsīrown, Molly E.
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